Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic polyarticular disease affecting about 1% of the adult population of the world, produces significant joint destruction, physical impairment, work disability, and early mortality. Patients with RA may have a slowly or rapidly progressive disease or a self- limited one. To design a rational treatment program for all patients, the clinician must identify early on whether patients are destined to have a rapidly progressive disease. This article reviews socioeconomic, psychological, immunogenetic, and disease-related features that may help to identify such patients.